![]() ![]() As applications become more and more interconnected and interdependent, the number of objects, users, and devices tends to increase. Adaptable middleware introduces additional indirections, which make the situation even worse. In this talk, we’ll describe Swift’s approach to binary-stable evolution and it’s impact on the design and implementation of the language. Middleware systems rely on interception and indirection mechanisms, which induce performance penalties. By explicitly modeling the boundaries between software modules that evolve separately, Swift is able introduce appropriate indirection across separately-evolved software modules while optimizing away that indirection within software modules that are always compiled together. Swift espouses a principle of least regret for public interfaces, ensuring that the implementation details of a software module, such as the stored contents of a data type or the implementation of a generic function, do not create a binary-compatibility contract that prevents future evolution. Swift is a programming language designed to explicitly account for a stable ABI. If you know a web resources URI, you can access the resource without knowing its precise. These systems tend to use C as the stable ABI, but evolving software components with a C ABI requires programmers to manually and proactively introduce extra levels of indirection to account for potential future evolution. Indirection refers to making the location of an item transparent. However, many software ecosystems require both long-term ABI stability and the ability to constantly evolve. There can be multiple levels of indirection. As such, most languages opt not to define a stable ABI when compiling to native code (e.g., Rust, Go) while others avoid the problem entirely by executing on a virtual machine (e.g., Java and other JVM languages, C# and other CLR languages, Dart). GRASP stands for General Responsibility Assignment Software Principles. and, using hardware and/or software, that place points to some other place. Programming languages have long considered the Application Binary Interface (ABI) to be merely an artifact of implementation that is not considered part of language design. ![]()
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